Joints بالنسبة لفيزياء اولى

 lateral margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus (FDL)
 may send slips into the distal tendons
o Action:
0. assists FDL in flexing the distal phalanxes of 2nd-5th toes
1. corrects FDL from pulling toes medially
• Lumbricals
o Origin: from tendons of FDL:
0. 1st: medial aspect of tendon to 2nd ray
1. 2nd-4th: two heads between the tendons in which they lie
o Insertion: extensor tendons of EDL on dorsal foot
o Action:
0. flex proximal phalanges at MTP
1. extend middle & distal phalanges at IP
• Flexor hallucis brevis
o Origin:
0. medial aspect of the cuboid
1. lateral cuneiform
o Insertion:
0. medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx of hallux
1. lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of hallux
o Action: flexes hallux at MTP
• Adductor hallucis
o Origin:
0. oblique head: base of 2nd-4th metatarsals & long plantar ligament
1. transverse head: deep transverse metatarsal ligament & plantar ligaments at MTP joints
o Insertion: lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of hallux
o Action:
0. adduction of hallux at MTP
1. flexes hallux at MTP
• Flexor digiti minimi brevis
o Origin:
0. base of 5th metatarsal
1. digital sheath of peroneus longus
o Insertion: lateral aspect of base of proximal phalanx of 5th ray
o Action: flexes the 5th toe at MTP
• Plantar interossei (3 muscles)
o Origin: medial aspect of 3rd-5th metatarsals (each muscle has a single head)
o Insertion: medial aspect of base of proximal phalanx of the same ray (of 3rd-5th rays)
o Action:
0. adduct toes 3-5
1. flex toes 3-5 at MTP
• Dorsal interossei (4 muscles)
o Origin: from both metatarsals between which they lie
o Insertion: base of proximal phalanx closest to the axis of the foot (2nd ray)
o Action:
0. abduct toes 2-4
1. flexes toes 2-4 at MTP
• Extensor hallucis brevis
o Origin:
0. upper anterolateral calcaneus
1. inferior extensor retinaculum
o Insertion: base of proximal phalanx of hallux
o Action: extends hallux
• Extensor digitorum brevis
o Origin:
0. upper anterolateral calcaneus
1. inferior extensor retinaculum
o ) Action: extends 2nd-4th rays
o